![]() Improved precision landing technology that enhances the scientific value of robotic missions also will be critical for eventual human exploration on the surface. The rover will make measurements and technology demonstrations to help designers of a future human expedition understand any hazards posed by Martian dust, and will test technology to produce a small amount of pure oxygen ( O 2) from Martian atmospheric carbon dioxide ( CO 2). A key mission requirement is that it must help prepare NASA for its long-term Mars sample-return mission and crewed mission efforts. ![]() It will seek signs of past life, set aside a returnable cache with the most compelling rock core and soil samples, and demonstrate the technology needed for the future human and robotic exploration of Mars. The Perseverance rover will explore a site likely to have been habitable. The chairman of the Science Definition Team stated that NASA does not presume that life ever existed on Mars, but given the recent Curiosity rover findings, past Martian life seems possible. The science conducted by the rover's instruments will provide the context needed for detailed analyses of the returned samples. The science instruments for the mission were selected in July 2014 after an open competition based on the scientific objectives set one year earlier. In September 2013, NASA launched an Announcement of Opportunity for researchers to propose and develop the instruments needed, including the Sample Caching System. In 2015, they expanded the concept, planning to collect even more samples and distribute the tubes in small piles or caches across the surface of Mars. The Science Definition Team proposed that the rover collect and package as many as 31 samples of rock cores and surface soil for a later mission to bring back for definitive analysis on Earth. The mission is part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program. The mission was launched 30 July 2020 on an Atlas V-541, and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory managed the mission. The mission will seek signs of habitable conditions on Mars in the ancient past, and will also search for evidence – or biosignatures – of past microbial life, and water. Sample tubes being loaded into the Perseverance rover Science educator Bill Nye endorsed the Mars sample-return role, saying this would be "extraordinarily fantastic and world-changing and worthy." Objectives Representative Adam Schiff, who said he was interested in the possibility of advancing the launch date, which would enable a larger payload. Some criticized NASA for continuing to focus on Mars exploration instead of other Solar System destinations in constrained budget times. The selection of Mars as the target of NASA's flagship mission prompted surprise in the scientific community. The Mars 2020 mission was announced by NASA on 4 December 2012 at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. 7.1 Samples cached for the Mars sample-return mission.The launch of Mars 2020 was the third of three space missions sent toward Mars during the July 2020 Mars launch window, with missions also launched by the national space agencies of the United Arab Emirates (the Emirates Mars Mission with the orbiter Hope on 19 July 2020) and China (the Tianwen-1 mission on 23 July 2020, with an orbiter, deployable and remote cameras, lander, and Zhurong rover). On April 30, 2021, Perseverance became the first spacecraft to hear and record another spacecraft, the Ingenuity helicopter, on another planet. The rover also employs nineteen cameras and two microphones, allowing for audio recording of the Martian environment. Perseverance 's design is derived from the rover Curiosity, and it uses many components already fabricated and tested in addition to new scientific instruments and a core drill. The Mars 2020 mission was announced by NASA in December 2012 at the fall meeting of the American Geophysical Union in San Francisco. It will cache sample containers along its route for retrieval by a potential future Mars sample-return mission. ![]() Perseverance will investigate an astrobiologically relevant ancient environment on Mars and investigate its surface geological processes and history, including the assessment of its past habitability, the possibility of past life on Mars, and the potential for preservation of biosignatures within accessible geological materials. As of 23 June 2022, Perseverance and Ingenuity have been on Mars for 477 sols (490 total days 1 year, 125 days). On 5 March 2021, NASA named the landing site of the rover Octavia E. Mars 2020 was launched from Earth on an Atlas V launch vehicle at 11:50:01 UTC on 30 July 2020, and confirmation of touch down in the Martian crater Jezero was received at 20:55 UTC on 18 February 2021. Mars 2020 is a Mars rover mission forming part of NASA's Mars Exploration Program that includes the rover Perseverance, the small robotic, coaxial helicopter Ingenuity, and associated delivery vehicles.
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